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Fiber laser working method

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Fiber laser working method

  • 2025-08-08

   Fiber lasers are a very special kind of optical fiber. They do not just transport preexisting laser light. They generate it.

Let’s find out how fiber lasers work.


At the center of all optical fibers is the core. This is where the light is contained thanks to total internal reflection.

In the case of fiber lasers, the core (usually silica glass) contains atoms of rare-earth elements, called dopants. These dopants, usually ytterbium or erbium are responsible for generating the desired laser light.

But before they can generate laser light, the dopants must first accumulate energy. This is where optical pumping comes into play.

POWERING LASERS WITH LASERS

If you are familiar with diode lasers, then you will know that those types of lasers are electrically pumped, meaning that a current is run through the lasing medium to excite the atoms.

Optical pumping is the equivalent of that, except that the energy source is not electricity, but light. Laser light, to be precise. In a way, this means fiber lasers are laser‑powered.

Once the rare-earth atoms are excited by the pumping laser, they are primed for stimulated emission and ready for some light amplification.

SCALING UP THE POWER
It used to be that using fiber lasers meant choosing between beam quality and high power, one coming at the expense of the other.
This is because of the way single-mode and multi-mode fibers work. Modes are the different ways that light can propagate through the fiber.



Single-mode fiber lasers are small enough that only one mode of light can travel. This is great for signal quality, but imposes such stringent modal and alignment requirements on the pump light that high powers cannot be attained.

Multi-mode fibers are much the opposite. They can be readily coupled with higher-powered pump lasers, but the resulting intensity profile is composed of a multitude of modes, which muddles the intensity profile.

NO COMPROMISES
The key to attaining high powers without sacrificing beam quality comes in combining the two types of fiber in a double-clad fiber design.

In this design, a (multi-mode) passive fiber cladding surrounds a (single-mode) rare‑earth doped core. The cladding can transport high-power pump light in different modes, which will overlap with the mode in the core, enabling a transfer of energy to the core. The best of both worlds!


HOW TO MAKE UP A FIBER LASER

There is so many components,electrical parts and optical parts. The most important is to splice every parts together with a very low loss. To achieve this, you need a high quality fiber optic fusion splicer to help you splice PM fiber, LDF fiber, passive and active fibers and so on.

Shinho offers different fiber optic processing equipments just like fusion splicer,fiber cleaver, fiber recoater and so on.

Any application problems, we will be glad to discuss with you!


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